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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Education in the Second Polish Republic ： ウィキペディア英語版 Education in the Second Polish Republic The unified system of education in the Second Polish Republic was attempted in 1920,〔 later superseded by the Jędrzejewicz reform, named after Janusz Jędrzejewicz,〔Z. Osiński, ''Janusz Jędrzejewicz. Piłsudczyk i reformator edukacji (1885-1951)'', Lublin 2007.〕 approved by the Sejm in 1932. The resulting system was in force essentially until 1948, when it was superseded by the Communist system of education in the Polish People's Republic. The Jędrzejewicz reform received controversial recognition. From one hand, it introduced compulsory education and unified credentials of various schools at their relative educational levels. On the other hand, it introduced a considerable degree of the interference of the state into the issues of academic freedom.〔 ==Background== At the moment of the regaining of the independence by Poland in 1918 and the establishment of the Second Polish Republic, its system of education was in disarray, mainly due to more than a century of partitions of Poland by Austria-Hungary, the German, and the Russian Empires.〔Jarosław Jastrzębski, "Reforma Jędrzejewicza w państwowym szkolnictwie akademickim II Rzeczypospolitej. Wzmocnienie prerogatyw władz państwowych", ZESZYTY NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLOŃSKIEGO MCCCXVIII – 2011,Prace Historyczne z. 138, pp. 159-176 ((download the pdf file ))〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Education in the Second Polish Republic」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.